Blood tests, Blood analysis, Hemoglobin, Blood analysis, Complete blood test, Laboratory, Laboratory Specialist, Laboratory

Blood tests

In just 5 minutes, with a drop of blood, you can find the causes of diseases or minor problems that may arise in the future. Many serious diseases such as gout, kidney failure, diabetes, liver dysfunction, rheumatism, hidden jaundice, infection can occur with a drop of blood. talking about the magic hidden in a drop of blood, he emphasized that even if we have no complaints, we should go to the internal medicine doctor once a year and have a routine checkup. Furuncuoğlu said that without waiting for the disease to show symptoms, we can avoid bigger provocations in the future by taking measures with simple examinations.

Blood test

When you go to the doctor, a blood test is required, but do you know what it means? Assoc. Dr. Yavuz Furuncuoğlu, "Everything is not clear when a blood test is done, only the results of the examination you want are obtained. Thus, you can find out when your blood sugar was measured, but you cannot find out if you have hidden jaundice. In this article, what do the results that are often required in blood tests mean? we will explain: "At least you can get your measure before it's too late and get additional tests."

Hemogram=Blood count: Measured by automatic machines. It tests a very small amount of blood and reports the results. From the result, information about indirect signs of a disease such as anemic state (red blood cells), what type of anemia or excessive blood production (polycythemia), the presence of an inflammatory state (leukocytes), leukemia or bone marrow diseases (Pancytopenia), related to coagulation ( platelet) information can be obtained

• Sedimentation: The rate at which blood settles. It is high in inflammatory conditions, rheumatic diseases, microbial conditions, blood diseases, and some cancers. Low blood production (polycythemia)
• Urea-Bun-Creatinine: Indicates kidney function. It is high in kidney failure.
• Uric acid: End product of protein breakdown. It is high in gout and kidney failure. It can also be high in those who eat too much protein and in cases of tissue destruction (blood disorders).
• AST-ALT: Shows liver functions. AST may also be elevated in people with heart and muscle disease and those who drink alcohol.
• Glucose: Indicates blood sugar.
• HbA1c: It shows the average blood sugar of the last 2-3 months, the normal value should not exceed 6 percent.
• GGT-ALP: Elevated in diseases of the liver and biliary tract. ALP can also indicate bone diseases. It can be found physiologically high in children and pregnant women.
• Cholesterol-Triglyceride: Indicates the fat ratio in the blood.
• HDL cholesterol. It is known as good cholesterol.
• LDL cholesterol: Known as bad cholesterol.
• LDH-CK-CPK=CK MB, Troponin, Myoglobin, AST: These are markers of heart disease.
• In muscle diseases, LDH, CPK, and AST can also increase.
• LDH can also be elevated in some blood disorders and tumors.
• T protein- Albumin: Indicates blood proteins
• Lipase-Amylase: Indicates diseases of the pancreas, but may be elevated in some other diseases.
• Na- K- Ca- P- Mg: Shows the salt ratios of the blood. It rarely deviates from the norm, and when it does, it can cause serious diseases.
• Iron-binding capacity-ferritin: Indicates blood and storage iron levels.
• CRP: This is a sign of a new infection or inflammation.
• RF-Anti CCP- ANA=FANA, ENA: These are inflammatory rheumatism screening tests.
• ASO: This is only indicative of past microbial strep throat. This is not a rheumatism test.
• FT3, FT4, TSH: Indicates the activity of the thyroid gland.
• Thyroid antibodies (AntiTPO, AntiTG): Suspects the presence of autoantibodies against the thyroid gland.
• PT, PTT, INR: Related to blood clotting levels.
• HBsAg, AntiHBs: Ask for hepatitis B.
• Anti HCV: Ask for hepatitis C.

Collecting blood samples from the arm, fingertip, or heel of infants to detect or monitor conditions such as general health, acute infection, anemia, etc. A complete blood count should not be called a definitive diagnostic test. It is an effective method to help the doctor in detecting changes in the body.

WBC is done to measure white blood cells. This test is also called leukocyte. White blood cells play an important role in supporting the body's immune system. When the body is exposed to external threats such as bacteria and viruses, the white blood cell count also increases.

Conditions such as anemia, bone marrow tumors, joint inflammation, and allergies are factors in high WBC rates. A low WBC count can also be caused by an unhealthy diet, viruses, and diseases related to the bone marrow, as well as deficiencies in minerals such as zinc, vitamins, and copper.

• There are five types of WBCs called white blood cells.
• Monocytes: They ensure the destruction of bacteria.
• Lymphocytes: They increase the production of antibodies against threats such as bacteria and viruses.
• Neutrophils: They destroy and digest bacteria.
• Basophils: They stimulate the immune system in the presence of infection.
• Eosinophils: They destroy parasites and prevent the development of inflammation that causes allergies.
• Red Blood Cell
• RBC is performed to determine the number of cells transported between the lungs and tissues. Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. Low red blood cells can be caused by iron deficiency, anemia, blood loss, folic acid deficiency, and B12 deficiency. High levels of red blood cells can be caused by factors such as smoking, fluid loss, and kidney and liver disease.

Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is defined as an oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells. Due to the high content of iron in hemoglobin, it plays an important role in the diagnosis of diseases caused by iron deficiency. In addition, the conditions listed below can also occur due to hemoglobin.

• chronic fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• lack of energy
• rapid heartbeat
• Pale skin, nails and gums
• It is the ratio of the volume density of red blood cells in the body to the total blood volume.

Blood Analysis

A blood test is the general name for tests done on a blood sample after a patient's examination to aid in diagnosis.

A blood test can provide information about a person's current medical condition, as well as give an idea about the risks that a healthy person may face in the future. Thus, it allows one to take precautions against one's own risks.

Complete blood test

• A complete blood count is a test that evaluates the cells circulating in the blood.
• It is used to review the general state of health and investigate the course of many diseases such as infections, anemia (anemia), leukemia (blood cancer).
• Fasting is not required for a complete blood test.
• A person can give a blood sample at any time of the day.
• After taking a blood sample through certain processes, the cells in the blood are analyzed using automatic devices, and the number and proportions of the cells are reported.
• How is a complete blood test reported?

A complete blood count test report includes cell counts and calculated ratios for each subparameter in the blood. These subparameters are distributed as follows.

White blood cell count (WBC / white blood cell): It is the number of white blood cells in a unit volume of blood. There are 5 different subgroups of white blood cells.

neutrophils
lymphocytes
monocytes
Eosinophils
Base filler
Red blood cell count (RBC / red blood cell): It is the number of red blood cells in a unit volume of blood. In addition to numerical value, structural properties are also important.

Hemoglobin (HGB): The amount of oxygen-carrying protein in the blood.
Hematocrit (HCT): The ratio of whole blood to a given volume of red blood cells.
Platelet (PLT): The number of platelets in a given volume of blood. Its increase may indicate abnormal conditions such as reduced coagulation and bleeding.​​​

Laboratory

Laboratory technicians responsible for performing tests deemed necessary by doctors or engineers in health care facilities or factories, especially hospitals; They are technical personnel responsible for the operation and analysis of methods and devices used in clinical and other research laboratories. They conduct various analyzes in clinical biochemistry, microbiology, pathology and genetics laboratories.

Laboratory Specialist

• Laboratories have special duties. Due to the high concentration of chemicals in the work environment, the scope of duties of laboratory technicians is as follows:
• Responsible for pre-use inspection of test equipment and instruments in the laboratory,
• Preparation of samples to be used for experiments, analysis and tests,
• Prepare the necessary physical conditions for testing solid or liquid samples to be analyzed,
• To perform the experiments, tests and analyzes you request,
• Report the results of experiments, tests and analysis,
• To record findings in written or digital media,
• Responsible for cleaning and maintaining laboratory instruments and equipment,
• Helping specialists and doctors in their research.

Laboratory

Graduates of the laboratory department in health vocational high schools can start working as laboratory assistants by choosing the medical laboratory department in health vocational high schools affiliated to higher education institutions. There is no certificate program to become a lab technician. Some of the theoretical courses are conducted practically in colleges or affiliated medical schools. In health professional schools, the department consists of 2 years of associate degree education.

• What education is required to become a laboratory assistant?
• To be a laboratory;
• Basic medical subjects such as anatomy, physiology;
• biochemistry;
• Pathological;
• Genetic;
• Hematology;

You need to get training in topics like endocrine.
It is based on the cultivation of people who respect the rights of patients within the framework of medical ethics. Students who graduate from the program; In vertical transfer exams, they can apply to departments such as biology, nursing, and health services to complete their education as a bachelor's degree.