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Botulinum toxin
Botulinum toxin is an exotoxin synthesized by bacteria called Clostridium Botulinum. Botulinum toxin causes botulism by having a neuroparalytic effect. The word "botulinum" is derived from the Latin word "botulus" which means sausage.
Botulinum toxin type A injections are the most commonly used anti-aging procedure in recent years, especially in the fight against wrinkles on the face. For this purpose, the botulinum toxin injected into the facial muscles breaks down a protein necessary for the synthesis of acetylcholine, which is important for muscle growth. As a result, temporary muscle paralysis occurs within 3-5 months. After 3-5 months, new synapses are formed and muscle function is restored.
There are 7 serotypes of botulinum toxin (A, B, C1, D, E, F, G). The strongest of them is serotype A.
Botulotoxin A is Botox (Irwin Pharmaceuticals) in the USA, Dysport (Ipsen Products) in the UK, Xeomin (Merz Pharmaceuticals) in Germany, Refinex (KC Pharmaceuticals) in Japan, Botulax and BTX in China, Neuronox (Medy-Tox Incorporated) in South Korea, etc. produced under the names.
Botulinum toxin is used in medicine in 3 areas:
- In Neurology
- In Ophthalmology
- In cosmetology
In cosmetology, botulinum toxin is used in the following indications;
- Forehead wrinkles;
- Wrinkles on the forehead;
- Wrinkles around the eyes (eye wrinkles);
- Wrinkles on the nose;
- Pocket-shaped wrinkles on the lips;
- In order to treat asymmetry in facial muscles;
- Wrinkles in the neck area (platysma);
- Treatment of hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating);
Contraindications:
Absolute contraindications:
- Pregnancy and lactation;
- Hypersensitivity to botulinum toxin;
Relative contraindications:
- Muscle weakness in the injection area;
- Presence of chronic diseases;
- The presence of infection at the injection points;
- Acute and chronic infections;
Additional effects
- Ptosis (dropping) of eyebrows;
- Blepharospasm (spasm of the eyelids);
- Subcutaneous hemorrhage;
- Headaches;
- Edema at the injection site, etc.;
All complications can occur even when the procedure is performed correctly, it is not a doctor's mistake, and it is fully treated
Implementation of the procedure
- First, the patient is examined, the area to be treated is determined;
- Then control images are taken and the patient signs a written consent form;
- The procedure area is cleaned with an antiseptic solution and marked with a marker;
- The dose of the drug is calculated and the procedure area is cooled with ice (to prevent bleeding);
- Botulinum toxin is injected into the relevant areas, cooled with ice and the procedure is considered finished;
- After 2 weeks, the patient returns to the doctor's appointment, repeated pictures are taken and, if necessary, corrections are made.
Repeat procedure can be performed only after 5-6 months